Apache Solr comes with the Jetty web server to be run as an example server. For single-instance installations, this built-in configuration is robust enough. Enabling Solr as a typical startup service makes management much easier. All of the following directions should be run as the root user and are loosely based on the Solr wiki.
As a prerequisite, newer versions of Solr require an upgraded version of Java -
yum -y install java-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64
To download Solr and drop it into our installation directory (/opt/solr) -
curl -O http://www.us.apache.org/dist/lucene/solr/4.4.0/solr-4.4.0.tgz
tar xzf solr-4.4.0.tgz
mv solr-4.4.0/example /opt/solr
Now to enable Solr as a standard service (since Red Hat typically uses /etc/sysconfig for storing environment variables, this location is changed as well) -
# Download the Jetty default startup script
curl -o /etc/init.d/solr http://dev.eclipse.org/svnroot/rt/org.eclipse.jetty/jetty/trunk/jetty-distribution/src/main/resources/bin/jetty.sh
# Change file to be executable
chmod +x /etc/init.d/solr
# Change references from Jetty configuration to Solr
perl -pi -e 's/\/default\/jetty/\/sysconfig\/solr/g' /etc/init.d/solr
# Enable the Solr service
chkconfig solr on
Creating a dedicated Solr user allows permissions to be explicitly defined and reduce confusion caused by shared user accounts -
useradd -r -d /opt/solr -M -c "Apache Solr" solr
Change permissions of Solr installation to this user
chown -R solr:solr /opt/solr/
The startup script looks for environment variables in /etc/sysconfig/solr. That configuration file should look like -
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default
JAVA_OPTIONS="-Dsolr.solr.home=/opt/solr/solr $JAVA_OPTIONS"
JETTY_HOME=/opt/solr
JETTY_USER=solr
JETTY_LOGS=/opt/solr/logs
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